Similarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of...

Similarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Walden University Similarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Sociological theories of crime contain a great deal of useful information in the understanding of criminal behavior. Sociological theories are very useful in the study of criminal behavior because unlike psychological and biological theories they are mostly macro level theories which attempt to explain rates of crime for a group or an area rather than explaining why an individual committed a crime. (Kubrin, 2012). There is however some micro level sociological theories of crime that attempts to explain the individual’s motivation for criminal behavior (Kubrin, 2012). Of the contemporary†¦show more content†¦This breakdown of organization and culture within a community leads to a lack of informal social control which in turn leads to higher crime rates especially in the juvenile population (Simons, Simons, Burt, Brody, amp; Cutrona, 2005). Social disorganization theory asserts that strong levels of conn ection within a community along with a sense of civic pride motivate individuals to take a more active role in the community therefore acting as a deterrent to crime. Rational Choice Theory The third of the contemporary sociological theories is rational choice theory. In stark contrast to social conflict theory and social disorganization theory which are macro level theories, rational choice theory is a micro level theory (Kubrin, 2012). Rational choice theory focuses on the individual motivation behind criminal behavior. Specifically the idea that the choice to commit criminal behavior is a choice based on a type of risk reward scenario. The person contemplating a criminal act consciously weighs the risk associated with the crime against the reward they stand to gain from the crime. Similarities and Differences Each of these three contemporary sociological theories of crime are similar in that they focus mainly on crime in poor or disadvantaged areas. This focus is obvious with social conflict theory and social disorganization theory but not as much with rational choice theory although it is there. With rational choice theory the concept of what is to be gainedShow MoreRelatedPsychological Perspectives On Studying Juvenile Delinquency And Disorder Behavior1642 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will compare and contrast some psychological and sociological approaches to studying juvenile delinquency and disorder behaviour. The question is what makes people behave disorderly. Youth disorderly behaviours are studied using different approaches including psychological and sociological approaches. Both psychological and sociological approaches to studying juvenile delinquency are necessary. This essay starts with outlining and defining disorderly behaviour and juvenil e delinquencyRead MoreDurkheim s Influence On Sociology1240 Words   |  5 Pagessciences. Emile Durkheim, was a French sociologist. His theories and writings helped establish the foundations of modern sociology. Durkheim disagreed with most social theorists of the late 1800 s because they thought that individual psychology was the basis of sociology. Durkheim regarded sociology as the study of the society that surrounds and influences the individual. Durkheim explained his theories in his book The Rules of Sociological Method (1895). He says there is relationship between moralRead MoreSociology : How Human Action And Consciousness Shape The Surrounding Of Cultural And Social Culture1734 Words   |  7 PagesSociology is the study of human social relationships and its institutions. It is a diverse form of crime to religion, division of race and/or social class, to a social stability that will change a whole society. Sociology’s purpose is to understand how human action and consciousness shape the surrounding of cultural and social cultures. The study of sociology e xamines and explains the matter of crime and law, poverty and wealth, discrimination, our community and social movements. It also sees andRead MoreA Critical Comparison Of Marxist Theory And Merton’S Strain1530 Words   |  7 Pages  A Critical Comparison of Marxist Theory and Merton’s Strain Theory of Deviance. Introduction: This particular work will consist of a critical theoretical review and a comparative analysis on two criminological theories. For the comparison I have chosen Marx’s theory of crime and Merton’s strain theory of deviance. My critical comparison analysis will emphasise the central concepts and arguments within both theories and how each theory explains crime. 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Auguste Comte,Read MoreRational Choice Theory Vs Routine Activity Theory1299 Words   |  6 PagesRational Choice Theory and Routine Activity Theory are two of several different theories used in criminology. These two theories can help a person examine why a person would commit a crime in the first place. In this paper, I will explain that these two theories are as well as compare and contrast the two theories. Routine Activity Theory was developed by Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen. Routine activity theory helps identify criminal activity and behavior through explanation in crime rate. (CohenRead MoreThe Role of Theory in Social Research1613 Words   |  7 PagesThe role of theory in social research is that without a sociological theory, nothing can be sociological. Facts disconnected from theory are just facts. Theory makes the facts speak; the facts don’t and cannot speak for themselves. Without a connection to other facts, we cannot assess anything. With theory, you can relate facts to each other. Theory is the body of interrelated logical concepts or universals that connect to empirical facts and phenomena. Empirical research is okay as long as thereRead MoreSociological And Common Sense Understanding1341 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to Sociology Throughout this essay, I will explain the distinction between sociological and common sense understanding, highlight the differences between sociology and other social sciences, and evaluate two sociological perspectives – Marxism and feminism. Sociology is the scientific study of human society. It examines the development of social structures, and the interaction between these structures and human behaviour. Sociologists aim to provide tools of understanding the process

The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay - 956 Words

When the book The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert L. Stevenson and the play, Trifles by Susan Glaspell were written both literary pieces dealt in depravity. The two main genres engage in violent acts with no remorse. Both genres reveal emotional turmoil, that’s the battle within their mind and soul, taken pleasure in immoral behaviors. Although The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Trifles are genres depicting male and female depravity, they are alike and different in social issues, such as violence, murder and justice for all. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and the play Trifles are similar and different in their acts of violent behavior. In both genres the man and woman took a life, killed a person and had no regret. However, in the late nineteenth century in London, England Dr. Henry Jekyll dark side is kept under control. The dark half of him has a vicious appetite to do evil. There is no love lost between Jekyll and Hyde. Edward Hyde enjoys the tasteful lust of violence. His barbaric cold expression is noted by Mr. Utterson. The first impression Mr. Utterson got from Hyde, Hyde’s a friend to Satan. In spite of Dr. Jekyll honorable personality, fear grips Mr. Utterson mind. Mr. Hyde dwarfish appearance and bold displeasing smile is cause enough for Mr. Utterson to fear for Jekyll safety and involvement with such an evil man. On the other hand, Trifles guilty Mrs. Minnie Wright love hate violent behavior is different from Dr.Show MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesStevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novella that follows the basic outline established by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein. However, Stevenson’s monster is not created from body parts but comes from the dark side of the human personality. In both novels, a man conducts a secret experiment that gets out of control. The result of these experiments is the release of a double, or doppelgan ger, which causes damage to their creator. While most people think that The Strange Case of Dr. JekyllRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1440 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity of human nature in his books, especially in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Kidnapped. The former is about a lawyer named Mr. Utterson seeking out the truth of Dr. Jekyll’s very strange will. He finds out that Jekyll was transforming himself into Mr. Hyde so that he could have the freedom to do whatever he wanted no matter how evil. By the time Utterson finds all this out and findsJekyll, he is too late and Jekyll has already killed himself. The latter is about David BalfourRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1196 Words   |  5 Pageswhich do let control you? The good or evil? This was a question that Dr. Jekyll from the book, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, could not answer. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a book about a man who cannot control the two sides of himself, causing him to do terrible things and not even be aware of it. The theme of this book is good versus evil. Dr. Jekyll is fighting his evil side, known as Mr. Hyde, throughout the book. Some people believe that the book’s theme hasRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde938 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian Hopes and Fears Involving Science as Found in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde During the Victorian Era there was a great race to use science to alleviate the suffering of the ill, specifically for those patients who were suffering from ailments of the mind. While some of the methods used to diagnose and treat such afflictions would be considered barbaric in nature by today’s standards, they were considered cutting edge medical science during the time of the Victorian Era. It was also consideredRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde964 Words   |  4 PagesThe Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Louis Stevenson was published in 1886. The story is published during the Victorian era, the Victorian era was an age of repression, there was no violence, no sexual appetite, and there was no great expression or emotion. In the story, Dr. Jekyll creates a potion that turns him into Mr. Hyde, Mr. Hyde is the complete opposite of what people are in the Victorian era. At first, Dr. Jekyll is in control of Mr. Hyde, but towards t he end MrRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1505 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the latter portion of the nineteenth century, Robert Louis Stevenson published his novella, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. The fin de sià ¨cle saw the rise of different thoughts and ideas surrounding science and society. These concepts and interpretations sparked the discourse surrounding the theory of degeneration; which was the concern that civilization would fall to a lower state of being. This chapter will be reading multiplex personality as a manifestation of this broader culturalRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1739 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde† by Robert Louis Stevenson, the novel â€Å"Frankenstein† by Mary Shelley, the short story â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† by W.W Jacobs and the short story â€Å"Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. These four texts convey this theme through the use of gothic conventions such as death, madness and darkness. In the novels The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll are wronglyRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1351 Words   |  6 PagesThe Personas of Henry Jekyll Every person is born with bright and dark personas that people moderate due to the standards of society. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Jekyll and Hyde battle for the power to stay alive in the story. As Jekyll continues to try and take over his evil persona, Hyde tries to stay alive and cause evil in the world. In our society, many people will struggle with self control and Dr. Jekyll has trouble controlling his alter ego by performing his evil pleasuresRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1326 Words   |  6 Pages The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published during the late Victorian era, but he clearly brings into question the acceptance of Victorian philosophies, especially the belief that one truth exists and that we can identify good and evil as separate entities. The names Jekyll and Hyde have become synonymous with multiple personality disorder. This novel can be examined from the natural dualism and Freud’s structural th eory of the mind. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr

Blenheim Instruments Ltd - Jenny’s Dilemma

Question: Discuss about theBlenheim Instruments Ltd for Jennys Dilemma. Answer: Introduction: Recognition Measurement of Reduction in Realizable Value of Accounts Receivables Accounts receivables refers to the type of current assets that the company has which reflects the balance payments pending to be collected by a company for its credit sales to its trustworthy customers. Companies generally involves themselves in selling goods or services on credit in order to increase its sales revenues and beat competitors in the market offering same or similar products or services. Due to this credit sales, accounts receivables gets generated in the balance of the company. If it can be certainly estimated that there is reduction in the realizable value of accounts receivables for an entity due to some or the other internal or external factor then such reduction in realizable value of accounts receivables shall also be recognized in profit loss statement of such entity. Ethical Standards Iissued by Accounting Professionals Ethical Standards Board (APESB) Accounting professionals who are individually or collectively involved in the process of reporting and preparation of financial statements and information on which number of stakeholders depend on should invariably follow the ethical standards issued by APESB at all times (APES 300, section 300.2) but at times when the Members duties for its parent entity and its expert duties for its stakeholders are in clash then in that times such members should support the moral and legal purposes recognized by the employer. However, in situations when a colleague is of the opinion that the objectives established by the employer are demanding for unethical behaviors or actions on the part of the member then such member may even consider an option to obtain a legitimate advice on the problem and in thrilling situations when all the available defenses have been drained, can even consider to resign from the engaging company. (APES 300, section 300.15) What Actions are Available to Jenny (Working as an Assistant Accountant in the Company) to Resolve the Dilemma She Faces? Jenny Pike in order to avoid the dilemma due to the conflict she is facing among her role as assistant accountant in Blenheim Instruments and as a professional accountant associated with APESB can take following actions: First of all she need to determine the possibility of accounts receivables not going to be recovered by the company with certainty and if she is not certain enough about the such possibility then she may consider accepting the view of Russell Bayer to leave the things till next year. But if she is certain about the probability of receivables going bad, then she may adopt the following actions step wise (CPA Australia): She may in consultation with the accountant and management of the company should arrange for the allowance for accounts receivables not be able to collected as per relevant accounting principles If she cannot make management agree to provide for the allowance for doubtful debts then she may consider disassociating from the financial statements preparations task If she is not able to manage the conflicting the dilemma situation by undertaking the above mentioned solutions then she may receive a legal opinion on the matter which is also provided by APESB If still she is not able to resolve the issue then she may resign from the position of assistant accountant in Blenheim if she deems fit References AASB, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, Australian accounting standards board. Viewed on 03 September 2016, retrieved from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB139_07-04_COMPoct10_01-11.pdf APESB, APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, Accounting professional ethical standards board, viewed on 03 September 2016, retrieved from https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/standards/apesb_standards/standard1.pdf APESB, Issued Standards, Accounting professional ethical standards board, viewed on 03 September 2016, retrieved from https://www.apesb.org.au/page.php?id=12 CPA Australia, Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards, CPA Australia, viewed on 03 September 2016, retrieved from https://www.cpaaustralia.com.au/professional-resources/accounting-professional-and-ethical-standards CPA Australia, APES 110: Code of Ethics, CPA Australia, viewed on 03 September 2016, retrieved from https://www.cpaaustralia.com.au/professional-resources/accounting-professional-and-ethical-standards/apes-110-code-of-ethics-for-professional-accountants